第十节 形容词、副词比较级
一、等比句句型
下面这种句型主要表示人或物的性质、特征等方面有某些近似或相等:主语+谓语+as+形容词/副词+as+比较对象
We have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have been taken ten years in the past.
句子中两个as作用不同, 前一个as是副词, 含“如此”的意思; 后一个as是连词, 表示“比”或“如同”的意义。
下面这种句型的意思是“不比…多”或“不少于…”:
主语+谓语+no more/less+形容词/副词比较级+than+被比对象
是表达“相等”或“近似”的一种说法。例如:
She is no less diligent than her class mates.
二、比较级句型
比较级句型用于表示两个人或事物之间的差别。它包括两个方面: 一是优等比较, 即“甲胜于乙”; 一是次等比较, 即“甲不及乙”。
主+谓语+形容词/副词比较级+(名词)+被比对象
或: 主语+谓语+more/less+形容词/副词+than+被比对象
Facts speak louder than eloquence.
The new edition of the dictionary is more expensive than the old one.
“否定的同等级较”也用于表示两个人或事物之间的差别。例如:
John doesn’t work so hard as Henry.
[提示]
在英语中习惯上修饰比较级的副词不多，主要有 much,far,even,still 表示“…得多”和“更…”的意思。
三、最高级句型
最高级句型用于表示某一事物在一定范围内最突出或某一动作达到最高程度的句子。一般要有一个表示范围的词组。
…the+形容词/副词最高级+(名词)+范围词
1. Jane is the tallest girl in the department of public relations.
2. Of all the students, Beth works hardest.
注: 引导范围的介词, 如果为同一范畴用of, 如例2; 否则用in, 如例1。
…否定词…+比较级…
该名型的原意思是“再没有…比…更…”, 也表示“最”的概念。
There is nothing in the world more potent and more impotent than words.
四、The…the…结构
该名型表示“越…, 越…”。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
五、少数形容词比较级不用连词 than
superior (优于), inferior (低于), senior(年长于), junior(年幼于)等级之后用to, 而不用than。
His strength is superior to mine.
My knowledge is inferior to his.
Bob is two years senior to me.鲍伯比我大两岁
He is junior to me by two years.他比我小两岁。
六、一些表示两者之间有所比较和选择和句型
Better to do well than to say well.说得好不如做得好。
I would rather join you in research work than go on holiday to the seaside.
我宁愿和你们一起参加科研工作, 而不愿到海滨去度假。
I prefer to work rather than sit idle.
我宁愿工作, 也不愿闲坐着。
He would sooner resign than take part in such dishonest business deals.
他宁愿辞职, 也不愿参与那样不诚实的买卖。
I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities.
我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。
Exercises 10 Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence:
1. His salary as a driver is much higher _____.
A. than a teacher B. than that of a teacher
C. that of a teacher D. than those of a teacher
2. ____all the poems I have read recntly, Thomas Hardy’s The Darkling Thrust seems the most relevant to our times.
A. Of B. Among
C. In D. About
3. To the best of my knowledge, the climate in Arizona is better year-round____.
A. than any other state B. than other states
C. than in any other state D. than is any other state
4. Questioning the quality of the air they breathe becomes less important than____ about the next paycheck.
A. having questioned B. questioning
C. to have questioned D. question
5. He ____ live in the country than in the city.
A. Would B. likes to
C. would rather D. had better
6. The culture and customs of America are more like ____ of England than of any other country.
